RULES FOR FORMING COMMON PLURALS
Nouns from their plurals in a number of ways. The most common way is to simply add s to the singular form.
Examples: poet – poets dogs – dogs table – tables
For nouns whose singular end in s, sh, ch, x or ss, the ending es has to be added to from the plural.
Other plural nouns
Nouns that end in ay, ey or oy form their plurals by justing adding an s.
Examples: holiday – holidays donkey – donkeys boy – boys
Nouns that end with y from their plurals by changing the y into an I and adding es
Examples: lady – ladies country – contries family – families
Nouns that end with f from their plural either by simply adding s or by changing the f to v and then adding es.
Examples: roof – roofs chief – chiefs calf – calves
Most words ending with o form their plurals by ending es
Examples: tomato – tomatoes hero – heroes echo – echoes
However there are a few nouns ending with o that form the plural by just adding s.
Examples: photo – photos piano – pianos studio – studios
Some nouns have the same form for the singular as for the plural.
Examples: deer – deer sheep – sheep salmon – salmon
Some nouns have unusual plurals that you’ll just have to learn as you meet them.
Examples: foot – feet goose – geese datum - data
